Single-disk drill.



'unrTTiu sTlaTas TaTi-anT @Triton HOWARD R. HUGHES, OF HOUSTON, TEXAS.

- smsen-msx DRILL.'

intensas;

To all whom it may concern.'

Bef-'t known that I,'HowARD,R. HUGHES,

a citizen of the United States, residing at Houston, Texas, have invented a-certai'n new and useful Improvement in Single-Disk Drills,

tains to make and use the same. v

This invention rrelates l,to rotary boring drills of the type that are used for drilling deep holes in comparatively softformations, such, for example, as guinbo, sl1ale,' hard clay and soft rock.

The main object of my present invention is tp provide anefticient and serviceable rotary boring drill that comprises only a few parts which are so designed'and4 arranged I that nample clearance is provided for the disintegrated material that is flushed out of the vhole by. the water which is introduced through the hollow drill stem to which the head of the drillfis connected, thereby reducing the tendency of the disintegrated materialto pack in the hole and thus inter? fere with the operation of the drill.

Another object is to provide a rotary boring drill Aof the type mentioned in whichthe cutting means consists cfa singlevcutter of substantially.disk-shape that cuts a circular hole without leaving a core standing atthe bottom of the hole, .'said cutter being ar-v y ranged in a substantially upright or vertical position at one side. the head so that the advancing sharp edge of same will shear ofi the material at the side of the-hole, and the head of the drill on which the vcutter is rotatably mounted beingprovid'ed withl one or more, ducts for the flushing water which are so .disposed that neither the cutter nor other parts on the head impede 'the flow or discharge of thefiushing water from the hea-d.

Other objects and desirable .features of my invention will be hereinafter .pointed out.

'ance with m invention; and F ig. 2 is atop plan view ,o said drill.

`Referring to the drawings which illus! trate the preferred form of myl invention, A

designates the head of the `drill which preferably consists of a block of metal provided at its upper en d with a screw-threaded portion a for connecting the headto the hollow drill stein or tubular-shaped operating mein-v Specwication of Letters Patent.

of which the following is'a full,clear.,- and exact description,,such as will enable others skilled ,in the art to which it apperf.

hole.

i Figure 1 of the drawings is a vertical 'sectional View of ,aI drill constructed in accord-I Patented Jan... 5, i915.,

Application :filed February 24, 191e. Serial N o. 820,670.

ber, not shown, through which water is in toduced intothe hole so as to iiish out'tne disintegrated material. A single cutter B of substantially dislr-shape, is lrotatably mounted on the head A in such a manner that it crushes and disintegrates the material when thehead A rotates, the cutter B being arranged in tially vertical position at one'side of the portion of same inclines inwardly toward the vertical axis of the head and the upper portion inclines outwardly, as shown in F i l, The cutter B is provided with a coman upright or "substan- 1 -65 head but inclined slightly so that the lower paratively sharpcutting edge 1 `that shearsf.

oli' the material from the side of the hole,'a`s

'shown in Fig. 2, when the drill is in opera-A tion, and said cutter is also preferably provided with' a crushing surface 2 that lies back of or beyond the cutting edge l so as to crush and disintegrate the material at the bottom of the hole that lies outside of the zone where the sharp edge of the cutter digs into the vbottom of the hole. Various means may be employed for connecting the cutter B to the head, but I preferto mount said vshearing off the material at theside of the 'The spindle 3 is preferably screwed into the head, and is provided at its outer end with an enlarged head 3 that laps over the .outer face of thehcutter B, but I do not 'wish it to be understood that my invention' is limited to this specific means for holding the cutter on the head, for any other suitable mounting could be provided for the cutterA without departing from the spirit of my invention. In View f the'great strains that the cutter is subjected to when it is in service, it is desirable to have anexceptionally large bearing area for the cutter, and in loo theembodiment' of my inventingherein y shown this is obtained by means of a bushing C of bronze or other suitable material that is i mounted on the spindle 3 and which'is provided with a relatively` large cylindrical- .shaped bearing portion 4 that surrounds a Aboss or flange 5 on the head 'A through 25.. ice by means 1 a duct 11 in s `which the spindle also having -a cylindrical-shaped hearing portion 6 ot" smaller diameter. 1B. is vprovided lwith an inner hereof two ditrecess formed in the outer outer 'en'dotthe cutter' B "andhead 3. vo nthe spindle that lapsl over the s et'in-ay eeutter,

3 projects, said bushing The cutter ferentv diameters that c'onformto the shape of the twohearing portions;l bushing andiit is also pro-1 ll'deror -thrustxbearing `8 on -thebushing vagainst a If desired,-

a'. washer 9" can be arranged cutter, said`A Washer lbeing lpreferabll);

faceof t as shown in Fig. 1.- AdoWel-pin 'or's'crew 10 in the head A thatprojectsinto'an o ening formed in the inner end of thejhus 111g i C holds the bushing stationary with respect to the head and prevents"-itirom` rotating lwith the cutter 'l`hecutter` Biis keptv thorings v13 in the bushingthasgshown in Fig.l L A pocket 14 is preferably 'Ormed'in-one side .of the vheador receiving' the cutter oughly. lubricated-When thedrill is in servof lulm'ica-ntl supplied through the head that leads to 'ducts 1 2 inthe spindle th'atconimuni'cate with open? so as to partially protect the cutter' and 'pre-'- vent the sharp v( iuttingaj.edge catching on projections in the `Whole When erally over lthe upperedgejof the'fcutter l5,` as shown in tEig. 1. The Opposite side' 'ofthe head is Apreferably inclined inWardly,

and the duct or opening'l lthat isfforined in the head1 forfthe'flushingWater, .preferably .terminates insaid inclinedffaceso that4 'the wash water or flushing `Waterwill-'he venting the v'Howf being impededlhy-the cutter.'

Thecutter Bis arrangedat one the, Vertical vaxis ofthe. head, asfshown in Fig. :1, and, consequently, the cutting f edge.' l

and .thecrushing surface 2 of the' cutter B do not `act on the material 'at fthe 'centerfot 1, the hottomjof thev hole. In the-'drill herein.

shown the material at the centelff-.the hottom of the hole 'is disintegratedby a 'cutting surface 16 on the cutter B which lies intermediate the sharp edge 1 of the` cutter, as shown in' Fig. '1

The specific' design of the cuttingsurface/161- cerned, and

lhetyveen' thev theenlarged i one side'cf the head at af point remotefromthe cutterftherebyfpref ofthe f lusliingfwater .from

.i vhead-" izyhich is so" proportioned ftha't'iit does Consequentlthere Iislittle tendency terialfto pack in fare stron-g 'enough the s trainstowhich the drill .is in service,rv able featurepffsuoli a. edge 1 ofrgsaid cutter' and the vertical center of the headi"ofy they drill, said cutting surface 16 beiligtermedy on the outer cylindrical surface-oa iiangel.- 17 at the inner -end of the cutter Bof less diameter than the diaI'neter-of'v the .cutting said cuttingsurfacev as consisting of a spiral grooye extending around the louter face-of lthe vreduced inner end portion 17 of the cutter, l do not Wish-'it'to he .understood l that my intention is limited to such a .con-

struction for the portion -17 of the cutterA could be provided-.With anyother suitable typelofcutting surface; nor del Wish it to he understoodth'at this. feature of my in While 1i have herein illustrated vention is limited tense, on'` va 'cutter that forms the entire cutting means .of a rotary drill forfi't could be embodied. in acutter that y :lforms only one elementor part ofthe cuttingmeans o 'a rotary drill.- 1 in .operatiomthe sharpedgel of vthe cutso:A

"ter B shears off the material `froml vthe 'side of the holeand remains sharp hy constantly portion@ of the cutter crushes 'and disinte-` The small core'that remains rubbing against the side of thei hole,j.and the thebottomothehole is crushed and ground up progressively bythe cutting surfacebl `of the' cutter'which liesbettveen the/.sharp edge 'lot the cutter andthe .Verticai ,centror axis ofthe drill head A. The strainsjon l.the spindle 3. are reduced/'t0 minimum,

tothe inclined position of the spindle owing and to theV shape o-tlreeutter. which .is'so formed that the weight imposed on the drill.

.head1 tends toL force" thefrcutter" inwardly surfaces: i? and on thebushing, and there'is "Very littleltend- Awear away quickly for i against the thrust hearing ency for 'the-cutter to become dull, owing-to the tact tls-at. `it is mounted on the head .in suoli'.{tn'ninnerg that the rear side portionofsameiloes lnot drag r against the: sideof the hole when the drillv is "the` construction above-de f in operation;

scribed ample clearance-is' proyided for the; disintegrated r'nateria that isi-hushed out of hollow drill stem, owing -to-'the' fact that l'the the-hole bythe water in reduced throughthe y 1 rio drillfcomprises only; a single cutter anda v hole,

.for the disintegrated mathe hole and thus interfere comprises only faf'feyv' rugged parts which And. another.' desirdrilll is .the exception allyv large j hearing surface that is provided t0 SUCCCSSYfull-y withstand- .they are-subjected when.

for-"the cutter 'by means 'otjthe bushing C which isalso equippedwithend, thrus'st bear ings'for the cutter. v.Theparticularivaythat 122i thel-ushingwater is introduced into the-hole, 'l namely, 'fromvonefsidebf the' 'head: .o i:`..the A drillfand atfa pointfremote -roxntlie cutter, v

V head,

vided `rial tends con'dltlon,

the

that neither the cutter nor any parts on the head impede the flow o r discharge of the flushing water. The particular-design of the cutter is novel, and while such a cutter is particularly adapted for use in a drill provided with a single cutter, it c ould, of course, be used on `a drill provided with a plurality of cutters.v -The drill is very eiiicient 'for umbo, shale, and other comparatively soft ormations, and as the cutter isthoroughly lubricatedand is so constructed and arranged thatthe action of same .on the mateto keep it sharp and in workable the drill can be used for along e'iod without withdrawing it from the o e; n u

Havingthus described my invention. what I claim asnew and desire to seciirephy Let* ters Patent is.: l

1. A rotary boring drill provided with a comparatively sharp-edged cutter which is arranged in an upright or substantially vertical position at one side of the head so that sharp advancing edge of same shears off the material at the side of the hole and digs into the bottom ofthe hole, and a cutting surface on said cutter lying between the sharp edge of. the cutter and the vertical axis of the drill head for disintegrating the material at thecenter of the bottom of the hole. 2. A rotary boring drill'provided with a comparatively sharp-edged cutter` which is arrangedv in an upright or substantiallyivertical position at one side ofthe head' so' that the sharp advancing edge ,of same shears oil the material at the side of the- Iholedand digs into the Ibottom of the'hole,

and means on saidvcutter for disintegrating the'material ait the center o the bottoni of the holevwhich lies inside of he zone described on 'the bottom of the hole by thesharp edge of said cutter. Y

3. A rotary boring drill consisting of a and a single cutter oirV substantially disk-shape rotatably mounted on a downwardly inclined spindle that projects laterally from the head, said cutter being prowithfa comparatively sharp cutting edge that acts on the side of the hole and digs into thexhottom of the hole, a crushing y surface lying outside of said sharp edge for disintegrating the mateiial. at the bottom of the hole lying outside of the pathdescribed byfsaid portiongior disintegrating the material at sharp edge, and a cutting the center of the bottom of thehole.

AJA rotary boring drill consisting of a head, and a single cutter of substantially dislcshape rotatably mounted on the head in an upright position with its upper portion inclined xoutwardly, said cutter having a shearing edge that acts on the side of the hole, and a crushing portion and a cutting portion arranged on opposite sides of d shearing edge that act en the bot-beni e from the head of Y lnga Vwater-course or passagewa hole so as to form a round hole without leaving'a core standing at the-'center of the bottom of the hol-e. f 1

v 5. A rotary boring drill provided with a cutter that rotates about an axis which inclines downwardly and outwardly from'the head, said cutter having a comparatively sharp cutting edge that shears off the mate` rial from the side of-the holeand a cutting portion located between said edge and the vertical axis of the head of the drill which disintegrates the material at the center' of'- the bottom of the hole.

6. A rotary boring drill provided with a cutter that has a comparatively sharp cutting edge that shears side of the hole and a` cutting portion loofi' the material at the rcated between said cutting edge andthe vertical axisv of the head of the drillforactlng on the bottom 'of the hole, said cutter also having a portion that lies outside of said edge for acting on the iuaterialat the bcttom of the hole which lies outside-of the zone where said-sharp edge'digs'into" .l

the bottom of the hole.

7. A rotary boringvdrill provided with a` substantially disk-shaped cutter that is arranged in an inclined position on a 'spindle that inclines downwardly and outwardly the drill, said cutter -having a tapered .portion whose large end vterminates in a comparatively sharp edge that acts on thel sidewall of the hole kand .a reduced portion on said cutter lying attheA opposite side of said sharp edgeand pro" vided with a cutting surface. f f i 8. A rotary boring drill comprising 'a head provided at one side with a pocket, and

a' Substantially disk-shaped cutter arranged in. an upright position in said pocket with having portions that act on the side and on the bottom of the hole including the mate- Vrial at thecenter of the bottom ofthe hole.

9.A rotary boring drill consisting of a [head provided at one'side with a ldow-nywardly4 inclinedy side face, said head havl i for the ,flushing v water that terminates in said lin clinedside face, andfa substantially rotaf table cutter arranged in an upright position lon the opposite side of the head ona spindle Vits upper. portion inclined outwardly and ric ist-

lWardly from Said shrpedge ,owivmdfthev l Y Y putting portion on' :131e inner side. of. the",

silAlloStafliqllyjv Wedge-shaperhead provided v y fs'eharge-openng Y asubstalntlallyf disk-shaped y@tmf-,exi arranged' in" ang inclined position n'sajd pocket. :md:-

portion on Sad cuttery 'v ting' edge,v it; cuhng n lying beyond sa'd'eharpedge; and a xjedu-eed- 

